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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-34.5%
€42.37
vs €64.65 price
Levered DCF
€83.54
After debt service
Piotroski score
2 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.69
Distress zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2018FY2017
P/E13.13×13.04×113.66×8.5×14.19×26.03×15.87×17.75×
P/B0.88×0.73×0.78×0.88×1.44×1.24×1.15×1.35×
P/S8.67×7.69×8.66×10.43×16.47×14.14×13.59×13.53×
EV / EBITDA16.05×17.94×69.96×22.96×30.41×31.39×17.68×23.64×
Gross margin94.2%93.8%93.9%94.8%94.1%93.9%94.9%93.3%
Operating margin86.2%79.3%29.6%107.3%144.4%72.3%138.4%98.4%
Net margin66.0%58.9%7.6%119.7%116.1%54.4%85.7%76.3%
Current ratio0.07×0.32×0.31×0.26×0.21×0.08×0.11×0.37×
Debt / equity0.7×0.71×0.66×0.77×0.77×0.79×0.6×0.79×
Interest coverage5.71×3.3×1.31×11.84×18.85×6.06×16.51×10.62×
Dividend yield5.8%6.2%4.2%4.1%1.2%4.8%1.7%2.7%
Payout ratio75.9%81.5%472.7%35.9%16.9%125.3%27.1%48.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2018FY2017
Return on equity6.7%5.6%0.7%10.1%10.1%4.8%7.3%7.6%
Return on invested capital4.3%4.3%-11.5%4.3%5.7%2.9%6.6%5.1%
Return on assets3.8%3.2%0.4%5.5%5.5%2.6%4.4%4.1%
Free cash flow yield8.2%9.3%8.2%7.5%4.9%-0.9%5.4%6.5%
Earnings yield7.6%7.7%0.9%11.5%7.1%3.8%6.3%5.6%
Enterprise value€5.8B€5.2B€5.1B€5.4B€6.1B€4.4B€2.5B€2B
Net debt / EBITDA7.1×8.8×31.96×10.68×10.56×12.11×5.97×8.6×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-521-282-7011,666-45-285227-1,309