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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1346.5%
€455.65
vs €31.50 price
Levered DCF
€707.23
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.63
Distress zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E6.99×-384.82×18.64×14.31×7.8×1.79×5.66×8.03×
P/B0.61×0.26×0.88×0.8×0.91×0.69×0.64×0.68×
P/S0.22×0.09×0.28×0.28×0.35×0.34×0.21×0.22×
EV / EBITDA3.91×4.7×6.35×6.37×5.2×2.75×4.28×5.85×
Gross margin16.5%37.6%37.5%34.0%50.5%57.0%54.3%51.8%
Operating margin7.7%3.8%5.2%4.3%6.7%22.2%6.7%5.3%
Net margin3.1%-0.0%1.5%2.0%4.4%15.8%3.7%2.7%
Current ratio1.55×1.52×1.52×1.72×1.71×1.54×1.47×1.51×
Debt / equity1.05×1.14×1.15×0.99×0.94×1.1×1.09×0.95×
Interest coverage3.15×1.72×2.93×4.87×6.29×7.89×5.07×3.97×
Dividend yield2.3%7.8%1.3%2.5%0.8%0.0%2.8%4.9%
Payout ratio15.9%-2537.3%24.2%36.2%6.2%0.0%16.1%39.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity8.7%-0.1%4.7%5.6%11.7%32.7%11.3%8.5%
Return on invested capital6.5%-0.0%3.6%3.5%6.7%19.3%6.8%5.6%
Return on assets3.5%-0.0%1.8%2.3%4.9%11.6%4.2%3.3%
Free cash flow yield35.7%58.8%24.1%-10.6%9.6%4.4%26.2%3.3%
Earnings yield14.3%-0.3%5.4%7.0%12.8%47.3%17.7%12.4%
Enterprise value€213.9M€184.4M€275.9M€244.5M€229.6M€184.8M€117.8M€101.5M
Net debt / EBITDA2.3×3.72×3.39×3.34×2.35×1.54×2.52×3.18×
Cash conversion cycle (days)768483107106927980