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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+853.2%
€222.10
vs €23.30 price
Levered DCF
€164.30
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.72
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E7.77×2.4×8.06×31.55×13.37×-3.84×-4.85×11.42×
P/B0.55×0.6×0.52×0.49×0.63×0.79×0.67×0.7×
P/S0.13×0.15×0.1×0.1×0.14×0.16×0.18×0.23×
EV / EBITDA2.3×2.25×2.9×3.29×4.11×3.57×26.74×5.13×
Gross margin46.2%48.0%47.3%44.1%50.6%49.9%46.7%49.1%
Operating margin1.5%1.5%1.8%1.1%1.4%-0.5%-3.5%2.6%
Net margin1.6%5.9%1.2%0.3%0.6%-4.2%-3.7%2.0%
Current ratio1.29×1.34×1.11×1.07×1.1×1.08×1.11×1.32×
Debt / equity1×1.07×1.52×1.35×1.63×1.75×1.2×0.97×
Interest coverage1.34×1.17×1.72×2.16×2.64×-0.98×-8.79×7.53×
Dividend yield7.6%4.5%6.0%6.5%4.3%2.9%3.8%2.8%
Payout ratio62.2%11.3%48.7%206.6%104.0%-11.0%-18.4%32.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity6.7%23.7%6.5%1.6%2.6%-20.6%-13.7%6.1%
Return on invested capital2.6%2.7%2.8%1.7%1.5%-0.8%-4.4%2.9%
Return on assets2.1%7.1%1.6%0.4%0.6%-4.7%-4.2%2.2%
Free cash flow yield-14.8%19.5%51.0%-18.1%45.1%37.6%-8.6%7.8%
Earnings yield12.2%39.7%12.4%3.2%4.1%-26.0%-20.6%8.8%
Enterprise value€120.9M€109.7M€158.4M€177.4M€191.7M€221.2M€257.1M€257.2M
Net debt / EBITDA0.18×-0.22×1.38×1.88×2.01×1.68×12.62×1.82×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-9-24122-2201434