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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+289.2%
€332.41
vs €85.40 price
Levered DCF
€409.31
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.62
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E5.79×5.06×17.27×10.68×16.81×15.64×14.72×22.66×
P/B1.29×1.57×2.51×2.4×3.37×2.05×3.56×6.22×
P/S0.54×0.48×0.71×0.77×0.96×0.64×0.78×1.71×
EV / EBITDA1.51×1.99×3.67×3.86×5.92×4.33×6.17×12.34×
Gross margin15.8%51.5%17.4%16.9%18.0%51.3%47.8%55.4%
Operating margin10.3%12.7%7.4%11.8%11.6%7.2%9.9%11.4%
Net margin9.3%9.5%4.1%7.2%5.7%4.1%5.3%7.5%
Current ratio7.3×1.42×1.22×1.18×0.99×1.29×1.12×1.1×
Debt / equity0.31×0.33×0.34×0.42×0.6×0.78×0.92×1.13×
Interest coverage22.28×-406.94×23.54×19.64×25.9×12.89×16.18×29.1×
Dividend yield2.4%2.2%1.7%1.8%1.4%2.5%1.4%0.8%
Payout ratio13.8%10.9%29.2%19.2%23.4%39.3%21.3%19.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity22.3%31.0%14.5%22.5%20.0%13.1%24.2%27.4%
Return on invested capital7.1%20.5%9.4%15.9%13.1%7.3%13.8%11.7%
Return on assets9.3%10.9%3.9%5.9%5.3%4.0%6.1%6.3%
Free cash flow yield-8.0%-5.7%9.7%27.3%26.3%11.7%9.3%11.9%
Earnings yield17.3%19.8%5.8%9.4%5.9%6.4%6.8%4.4%
Enterprise value€86.7M€133.1M€156M€130.8M€193.4M€118.6M€185.1M€260.8M
Net debt / EBITDA-1.5×-0.54×-0.98×-1.16×-0.05×0.26×0.75×1.27×
Cash conversion cycle (days)8781424728594196