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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+419.8%
€112.79
vs €21.70 price
Levered DCF
€87.53
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
3.31
Safe zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E15.5×17.04×13.61×12.21×14.86×13.56×9.85×7.58×
P/B2.3×2.2×2.09×2.11×2.17×1.28×2.15×1.88×
P/S4.13×4.23×4.2×4.52×4.88×3.35×3.35×2.67×
EV / EBITDA7.34×5.34×5.75×6.15×6.74×5.1×5.28×2.45×
Gross margin42.0%87.4%75.4%53.0%90.6%78.0%79.9%78.5%
Operating margin32.3%36.4%46.5%52.7%48.3%37.9%51.8%52.4%
Net margin26.7%24.8%31.6%37.0%32.8%24.8%33.9%35.2%
Current ratio7.67×12.5×7.5×7.97×6.38×9.65×6.47×8.84×
Debt / equity0.54×0.63×0.7×0.8×0.78×0.71×0.84×0.18×
Interest coverage37.49×5.09×11.07×22.83×30.43×19.49×17.26×157.83×
Dividend yield7.9%7.6%7.0%7.0%7.0%0.0%9.4%10.9%
Payout ratio122.1%129.8%92.9%85.5%104.0%0.0%92.4%82.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity14.9%12.9%15.7%17.3%14.6%9.5%21.7%24.9%
Return on invested capital8.4%8.3%9.9%10.0%8.6%6.0%10.9%16.9%
Return on assets8.7%7.3%8.6%9.0%7.5%5.2%10.0%16.3%
Free cash flow yield15.7%13.7%7.8%5.0%8.4%15.8%-39.6%20.7%
Earnings yield6.5%5.9%7.5%8.2%6.7%7.4%10.1%13.2%
Enterprise value€195.9M€162.7M€170.2M€171.1M€168.7M€105.6M€145.5M€71.4M
Net debt / EBITDA1.24×0.06×0.39×0.46×0.4×0.59×0.98×-1.06×
Cash conversion cycle (days)14-110-21-2-87-4749-31