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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1522.8%
€107.11
vs €6.60 price
Levered DCF
€8.35
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.57
Distress zone
Rating
C
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E25.87×54.17×16.86×42.9×-28.43×5.45×9.12×17.54×
P/B7.84×10.01×7.04×11.11×16.36×2.98×3.95×10.23×
P/S1.07×1.16×1.27×1.22×1.27×0.67×0.68×1.68×
EV / EBITDA12.08×22.75×8.93×23.22×-58.18×2.85×6.81×8.69×
Gross margin0.6%32.3%38.3%35.4%34.3%39.4%36.1%43.0%
Operating margin3.7%1.0%7.9%1.3%-1.4%14.0%7.7%8.4%
Net margin4.1%2.1%7.5%2.8%-4.4%12.2%7.5%9.6%
Current ratio0.8×0.84×1×1.02×0.85×1.21×1.35×1.48×
Debt / equity0.73×1.15×0.92×2.59×5.59×1.12×1.97×1.56×
Interest coverage22.2×3.75×33.01×4.37×-4.38×47.68×41.45×38.82×
Dividend yield2.0%7.7%0.0%0.0%5.2%8.3%9.0%0.0%
Payout ratio52.1%415.7%0.0%0.0%-148.4%45.5%81.9%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity30.1%18.5%41.8%26.0%-57.0%54.6%43.3%58.5%
Return on invested capital15.3%3.4%20.1%2.4%-2.6%24.9%12.0%17.0%
Return on assets4.3%2.3%7.4%3.0%-4.4%12.9%7.0%9.8%
Free cash flow yield0.0%0.0%22.0%-1.3%-2.6%30.8%-0.5%3.3%
Earnings yield3.8%1.9%5.9%2.3%-3.5%18.3%11.0%5.7%
Enterprise value€3.6M€4.2M€4.6M€5.3M€6.2M€2.8M€3.3M€7.6M
Net debt / EBITDA-3.91×-5.16×-2.29×0.26×-4.12×-0.8×-0.03×-0.35×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-176-274-280-171-186-189-178-522