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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+161.3%
€154.15
vs €59.00 price
Levered DCF
€111.81
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
3.69
Safe zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E20.67×23.68×25.82×32.8×-186.38×-42.54×28.22×26.11×
P/B5.69×5.87×6.44×4.77×7.17×7.08×8.29×8.24×
P/S4.24×4.84×5.31×4.87×10.05×12.2×5.63×5.3×
EV / EBITDA11.96×13.63×14.89×15.42×52.36×-297.91×15.58×14.79×
Gross margin27.8%43.2%44.3%41.7%31.3%13.8%46.6%47.5%
Operating margin27.8%26.5%26.0%21.5%-1.1%-21.8%26.5%28.2%
Net margin20.5%20.4%20.5%14.8%-5.3%-28.8%20.0%20.3%
Current ratio0.82×0.85×0.96×1.03×1.32×1.28×0.49×0.51×
Debt / equity0.66×0.67×0.74×0.96×1.33×1.51×0.94×1.22×
Interest coverage23.82×14.99×15.69×9.89×-0.28×-5.82×34.15×35.71×
Dividend yield2.2%1.8%1.2%0.0%0.0%0.9%1.6%1.9%
Payout ratio46.1%43.2%29.8%0.0%0.0%-38.6%45.5%49.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity27.5%24.7%24.9%14.5%-3.8%-16.7%29.4%31.6%
Return on invested capital15.4%13.8%13.1%7.3%-0.2%-3.2%13.3%12.4%
Return on assets11.6%10.6%10.4%5.7%-1.3%-5.3%10.7%9.9%
Free cash flow yield7.6%4.6%4.1%4.0%0.7%-1.8%3.4%3.9%
Earnings yield4.8%4.2%3.9%3.0%-0.5%-2.4%3.5%3.8%
Enterprise value€29.8B€32.1B€31.2B€24.8B€30.7B€30.6B€34.4B€29.5B
Net debt / EBITDA0.89×0.99×1.09×1.85×6.57×-39.97×1.36×1.67×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-27-72-69-31-45-25-31-54