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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-27.4%
€5.49
vs €7.56 price
Levered DCF
€9.07
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
9.7
Safe zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E18.23×14.92×32.05×-211.02×181.58×57.17×108.21×202×
P/B4.24×3.95×4.86×7.48×13.45×139.43×163.68×219.2×
P/S6.91×6.2×8.55×16.54×33.34×29.4×41.89×67.72×
EV / EBITDA10.24×8.9×16.55×151.75×94.32×40.3×66.51×117.92×
Gross margin77.1%70.9%77.3%24.4%79.2%84.6%80.1%78.9%
Operating margin49.4%54.0%34.8%3.5%28.4%69.3%56.6%48.3%
Net margin38.0%41.5%26.4%-7.8%17.9%51.6%39.0%33.7%
Current ratio38.73×6.23×7.22×7.42×12.71×1.99×1.51×1.01×
Debt / equity0.14×0.15×0.12×0.12×0.08×1.28×0.26×0.48×
Interest coverage0×0×0×2.42×17.16×191.44×123.15×99.44×
Dividend yield6.5%6.6%4.4%1.2%0.9%1.6%0.8%0.5%
Payout ratio117.5%98.8%141.9%-259.7%169.5%93.5%82.5%107.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity23.3%26.4%15.0%-3.5%7.2%244.8%152.5%109.0%
Return on invested capital17.5%21.7%12.5%-4.3%7.3%101.4%108.9%65.5%
Return on assets18.5%20.3%12.1%-2.8%6.2%77.2%68.3%52.1%
Free cash flow yield6.1%6.1%5.0%2.5%1.1%1.5%1.1%0.4%
Earnings yield5.5%6.7%3.1%-0.5%0.5%1.8%0.9%0.5%
Enterprise value€1.7B€1.7B€2.1B€3.2B€5.7B€5.3B€5.3B€5.2B
Net debt / EBITDA-1.79×-1.67×-2.95×-17.39×-5.96×0.26×-0.09×0.19×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-42-37-6723-78166-617