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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-117.4%
-€13.16
vs €75.66 price
Levered DCF
-€29.14
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.46
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E24.54×10.95×8.85×-3.46×6.17×7.5×5.16×7.99×
P/B1.45×0.99×1.1×0.99×0.75×0.72×0.77×0.89×
P/S0.59×0.47×0.72×-0.58×0.56×0.61×0.59×0.84×
EV / EBITDA3.01×2.89×3.49×-4.54×6.25×8.91×5.43×3.64×
Gross margin100.0%100.0%99.3%100.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%100.0%
Operating margin3.3%7.0%87.6%22.0%12.3%9.6%15.1%17.7%
Net margin2.7%4.3%8.1%16.7%9.1%8.1%11.4%10.6%
Current ratio0.19×1.96×0.74×4.13×0.7×55.08×48.4×43.45×
Debt / equity1.21×1.09×1.55×0.72×0.94×1.43×1.08×0.59×
Interest coverage0.12×0.36×4.08×-5.17×3.35×2.18×3.41×3.27×
Dividend yield5.3%6.5%5.3%5.7%5.2%6.0%5.4%6.6%
Payout ratio114.6%70.9%46.6%-19.7%31.9%44.7%27.6%52.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity6.8%9.0%12.4%-28.6%12.1%9.6%15.0%11.1%
Return on invested capital0.5%0.8%6.1%-2.8%1.3%0.5%0.9%0.9%
Return on assets0.4%0.6%0.7%-2.8%1.2%0.8%1.3%1.0%
Free cash flow yield-4.7%-7.5%38.6%-18.9%-3.4%7.4%-16.3%15.1%
Earnings yield4.7%9.1%11.3%-28.9%16.2%13.3%19.4%12.5%
Enterprise value€20.2B€16.1B€14.2B€8.3B€10.1B€10.8B€8.4B€4.3B
Net debt / EBITDA1.15×1.16×1.23×-1.21×2.85×5.13×2.37×-0.47×
Cash conversion cycle (days)60-1,04200000