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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-11401.3%
-€1,036.89
vs €9.18 price
Levered DCF
-€1,194.15
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
0.13
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.38×7.8×5.47×4×5.96×9.28×9.87×7.59×
P/B0.85×0.48×0.42×0.71×1.08×1.11×1.4×1.16×
P/S0.37×0.21×0.24×0.43×0.5×0.47×0.58×0.47×
EV / EBITDA3.71×3.59×4.53×4.45×4.73×4.79×5.24×4.92×
Gross margin15.0%12.6%14.4%19.4%13.8%10.0%10.9%11.5%
Operating margin12.5%9.9%11.2%16.3%11.8%7.6%8.7%8.9%
Net margin4.0%2.7%4.5%10.7%8.4%5.1%5.8%6.3%
Current ratio0.6×0.67×0.66×0.6×0.43×0.39×0.44×0.5×
Debt / equity3.33×3.61×3.5×2.91×3.87×4.27×4.64×4.63×
Interest coverage1.66×1.31×2.01×7.61×9.3×4.43×2.84×3.38×
Dividend yield6.8%7.2%13.3%8.9%4.9%5.5%4.2%5.3%
Payout ratio63.4%56.1%71.5%35.8%29.1%50.8%41.5%40.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.0%6.1%7.7%17.7%18.1%12.0%14.1%15.3%
Return on invested capital3.9%2.6%2.7%4.9%4.0%2.7%3.0%3.2%
Return on assets1.4%0.5%1.2%3.9%3.2%2.0%2.2%2.4%
Free cash flow yield-73.4%-205.9%-72.6%-96.9%-72.4%-55.1%-75.2%-102.9%
Earnings yield10.7%12.8%18.6%25.0%16.7%10.8%10.1%13.2%
Enterprise value€43.9B€40.5B€38.5B€24.6B€23.7B€22.2B€24B€20.9B
Net debt / EBITDA2.92×3.12×4×3.57×3.69×3.79×4.02×3.93×
Cash conversion cycle (days)1091181329062394741