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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+133.0%
€35.19
vs €15.10 price
Levered DCF
€24.80
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.81
Grey zone
Rating
A+
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E3.3×5.37×-4.4×8.92×25×4.28×23.66×4.97×
P/B0.7×0.75×0.94×1.05×1.38×0.88×1×0.93×
P/S0.57×0.35×0.36×0.37×0.48×0.3×0.3×0.35×
EV / EBITDA-9.19×4.89×10.57×6.93×8.24×8.4×6.09×4.35×
Gross margin33.0%28.2%24.9%47.5%40.6%40.6%44.2%45.7%
Operating margin1.8%0.7%-0.2%2.2%1.6%0.1%4.6%-0.5%
Net margin17.2%6.4%-8.1%4.2%1.9%7.1%1.2%7.1%
Current ratio5.31×1.65×1.72×1.43×1.95×2.25×1.35×1.67×
Debt / equity0.44×0.79×1.17×1.05×1.13×0.95×1.3×0.9×
Interest coverage0.96×0.32×-0.11×2.21×1.84×0.09×5.34×-0.45×
Dividend yield6.4%4.1%2.5%3.4%3.1%4.2%4.5%6.4%
Payout ratio21.0%22.0%-11.1%30.6%77.6%18.0%105.8%31.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity21.2%13.9%-21.3%11.8%5.5%20.7%4.2%18.7%
Return on invested capital1.2%0.2%-0.3%1.8%1.8%0.1%6.6%-0.7%
Return on assets11.3%6.1%-7.3%3.7%1.8%7.9%1.4%7.8%
Free cash flow yield10.3%8.5%17.2%5.8%3.3%6.1%-9.3%-2.6%
Earnings yield30.3%18.6%-22.7%11.2%4.0%23.4%4.2%20.1%
Enterprise value€27.1M€92.9M€137.5M€182.5M€192.6M€110.6M€128.8M€93.6M
Net debt / EBITDA17.1×1.14×4.54×2.79×2.73×3.02×2.93×1.46×
Cash conversion cycle (days)306187941098394116