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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+123.7%
€24.49
vs €10.95 price
Levered DCF
€35.79
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
4.81
Safe zone
Rating
A+
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E16.34×10.43×14.45×11.15×30×57.5×18.01×12.47×
P/B3.04×3.36×4.38×3.73×5.26×4.2×6.06×5.12×
P/S1.67×1.85×2.15×1.66×3.3×3.45×2.76×2.13×
EV / EBITDA9.19×8.56×9.48×7.57×18.38×25.23×12.78×11.71×
Gross margin33.5%36.9%36.9%36.6%37.3%37.9%38.6%37.7%
Operating margin16.1%19.0%22.8%21.6%12.7%14.5%18.3%17.4%
Net margin10.2%17.7%14.9%14.9%11.0%6.0%15.3%17.1%
Current ratio3.31×3.25×2.67×2.24×2.38×3.37×2.61×2.63×
Debt / equity0.4×0.32×0.48×0.65×0.8×0.8×0.71×0.63×
Interest coverage5.27×26.98×30.03×63.23×25.18×21.41×49.46×112.7×
Dividend yield6.6%4.1%3.2%2.5%1.9%1.9%3.5%4.0%
Payout ratio107.3%43.2%46.5%28.4%57.1%111.1%63.8%49.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity18.6%32.2%30.3%33.4%17.5%7.3%33.6%41.1%
Return on invested capital14.4%24.1%22.2%21.2%8.2%8.1%18.6%25.0%
Return on assets11.1%20.4%16.2%15.3%7.8%3.6%16.5%20.5%
Free cash flow yield6.6%5.6%8.4%0.7%0.9%6.1%6.7%6.0%
Earnings yield6.1%9.6%6.9%8.9%3.3%1.7%5.6%8.0%
Enterprise value€173.3M€193.6M€209.9M€154.8M€164M€117.7M€168M€127.4M
Net debt / EBITDA0.41×0.36×0.34×0.88×1.65×1.6×0.98×1.02×
Cash conversion cycle (days)184193174186209247173174