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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+182.4%
€62.75
vs €22.22 price
Levered DCF
€72.56
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.15
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.59×7.56×7.73×11.3×8.95×12.03×11.51×14.43×
P/B3.2×2.1×1.84×1.96×2.22×1.9×2.77×1.8×
P/S2.82×2.82×2.62×3.86×0.99×1.64×1.11×1.7×
EV / EBITDA11.87×5.23×13.86×18.43×1.21×7.77×7.75×7.2×
Gross margin92.3%80.4%79.1%94.7%99.2%97.7%98.9%96.3%
Operating margin28.0%48.2%44.0%43.2%13.8%16.7%12.7%19.4%
Net margin24.3%37.2%33.9%34.0%11.1%13.7%9.7%11.8%
Current ratio0.19×0.04×0×18.51×34.66×0.03×7.62×0.04×
Debt / equity0.67×0.1×2.5×3.31×0.02×0.03×0.06×0.05×
Interest coverage3.88×2.46×2.11×8.2×16.56×7.25×11.73×5.21×
Dividend yield6.3%6.9%6.3%7.6%11.6%0.0%4.6%7.9%
Payout ratio73.4%52.2%48.8%86.4%104.3%0.0%53.2%114.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity27.5%27.8%23.8%17.3%24.7%15.9%24.1%12.4%
Return on invested capital1.4%2.9%1.7%3.1%4.0%1.6%2.9%0.9%
Return on assets1.4%1.3%1.1%0.7%1.0%0.7%1.1%0.5%
Free cash flow yield35.4%13.4%-28.5%38.9%13.3%-1.0%5.1%8.4%
Earnings yield8.6%13.2%12.9%8.8%11.2%8.3%8.7%6.9%
Enterprise value€17.2B€7.6B€14.8B€13.1B€1.1B€4.5B€6.1B€3.3B
Net debt / EBITDA1.97×-0.61×7.91×10.34×-5.59×-1.26×-0.53×-0.87×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-65-66-889-23,3449,362-640-8,275-396