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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+754.2%
€110.77
vs €12.97 price
Levered DCF
€71.84
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.25
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.47×6.19×2.93×1.86×4.92×4.26×5.83×3.94×
P/B1.38×0.76×0.47×0.34×0.38×0.16×0.43×0.36×
P/S2.52×1.14×0.6×0.57×0.65×0.35×0.81×0.63×
EV / EBITDA12.06×8.08×9.6×-1.64×-11.44×-3.01×14.79×17.28×
Gross margin82.3%78.5%79.5%90.9%93.5%93.4%90.7%90.0%
Operating margin30.1%26.9%23.4%29.2%17.5%6.7%15.2%13.7%
Net margin20.1%18.4%20.6%30.5%13.3%8.1%13.8%15.9%
Current ratio0.09×0.09×0.1×0.13×0.23×0.2×0.07×0.07×
Debt / equity1.59×1.75×2.69×1.26×1.09×1.16×1.65×1.81×
Interest coverage1.99×1.25×1.14×3.2×2.69×1.02×1.63×1.36×
Dividend yield4.7%5.2%4.1%3.4%2.4%0.3%3.4%3.5%
Payout ratio59.2%31.9%11.9%6.3%11.6%1.4%19.6%13.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity11.0%12.4%16.2%18.2%7.8%3.8%7.4%9.2%
Return on invested capital3.0%3.3%-2.9%-2.5%-1.4%0.5%1.3%1.1%
Return on assets0.9%1.0%1.1%1.0%0.4%0.3%0.5%0.6%
Free cash flow yield39.2%-30.3%-80.5%459.6%39.6%-86.1%9.7%4.5%
Earnings yield8.0%16.2%34.2%53.5%20.4%23.4%17.1%25.4%
Enterprise value€37.4B€19.5B€19.5B-€2.7B-€11.9B-€1.1B€8.9B€8B
Net debt / EBITDA4.72×4.5×7.41×-3.29×-13.92×-5.67×11.11×13.87×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-460-343-3,280-18,253-34,398-1,591-1,193-1,067