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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+85.3%
€65.22
vs €35.20 price
Levered DCF
€97.22
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
3.17
Safe zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
P/E14.34×13.92×5.04×17.15×17.28×16.62×15.69×23.47×
P/B1.34×1.48×1.67×1.37×2.02×2.73×2.87×4.08×
P/S0.41×0.43×0.49×0.35×0.54×0.69×0.71×0.95×
EV / EBITDA6.45×5.52×6.32×6.87×7.98×8.34×8.33×11.81×
Gross margin10.0%30.0%29.8%8.5%9.5%10.1%9.8%25.5%
Operating margin2.9%4.1%4.3%1.1%2.5%3.5%3.8%5.2%
Net margin2.9%3.1%9.7%2.0%3.1%4.2%4.5%4.1%
Current ratio0.87×0.9×1.03×0.78×0.8×0.79×0.83×0.83×
Debt / equity0.26×0.28×0.32×0.54×0.39×0.18×0.07×0.02×
Interest coverage9.05×12.2×23.97×8.19×138.06×288.25×360.4×985.8×
Dividend yield3.8%3.6%4.3%4.1%3.9%2.7%2.7%1.9%
Payout ratio54.6%50.7%21.6%69.7%68.0%44.1%41.8%44.3%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
Return on equity9.3%10.6%33.1%8.0%11.7%16.5%18.3%17.4%
Return on invested capital5.4%7.9%9.7%1.9%4.7%8.4%9.5%15.1%
Return on assets4.7%5.2%16.0%3.2%5.0%7.9%9.3%9.2%
Free cash flow yield6.0%5.5%20.2%6.9%0.3%3.5%6.2%2.1%
Earnings yield7.0%7.2%19.8%5.8%5.8%6.0%6.4%4.3%
Enterprise value€4.6B€4.9B€5.5B€4.4B€5.8B€7.1B€6.7B€8.9B
Net debt / EBITDA0.38×0.29×0.28×1.54×1.1×0.21×-0.12×-0.16×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-2-8-11781-2-3