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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+285.8%
€37.97
vs €9.84 price
Levered DCF
€44.71
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
3.71
Safe zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.38×11.26×10.04×10.14×25.74×14.36×21.33×-18.87×
P/B1.86×1.85×2.21×2.37×2.91×2.3×1.68×1.85×
P/S0.25×0.25×0.28×0.28×0.32×0.28×0.16×0.14×
EV / EBITDA6.03×5.98×5.52×6.15×12.05×7.41×8.34×-59.22×
Gross margin7.0%35.2%29.4%29.8%28.5%30.2%27.0%26.2%
Operating margin2.8%3.1%3.9%3.7%2.0%3.0%1.1%-0.9%
Net margin2.0%2.2%2.8%2.8%1.3%2.1%0.9%-0.7%
Current ratio0.97×0.96×0.95×0.93×0.88×0.96×0.89×0.83×
Debt / equity0.31×0.39×0.49×0.68×1.01×0.86×0.99×0.97×
Interest coverage9.4×7.03×9.26×11.27×4.52×8.19×2.72×-3.71×
Dividend yield6.6%6.8%5.1%4.1%3.3%1.6%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio81.2%77.3%51.5%41.0%82.5%21.7%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity15.1%16.4%21.9%23.5%11.6%16.9%9.1%-10.0%
Return on invested capital12.6%13.2%16.0%15.3%7.2%10.3%4.5%-4.8%
Return on assets5.8%6.1%7.4%6.9%3.1%4.4%2.3%-2.1%
Free cash flow yield16.7%4.3%11.5%18.6%3.5%20.3%2.3%-18.5%
Earnings yield8.1%8.9%9.9%9.9%4.0%7.4%5.4%-5.4%
Enterprise value€79.3M€83.4M€90M€89.8M€107.2M€81.8M€68M€63M
Net debt / EBITDA-0.38×0.19×-0.06×0.27×1.6×0.43×2.32×-18.42×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-514141017-373020