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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-926.5%
-€917.41
vs €111.00 price
Levered DCF
€1,468.11
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
0.06
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.35×7.53×7.25×3.91×5.77×16.28×10.51×6.56×
P/B0.24×0.16×0.17×0.15×0.18×0.27×0.37×0.27×
P/S0.74×1.51×1.53×0.64×0.93×1.33×2.75×1.92×
EV / EBITDA158.15×169.09×157.41×102.8×97.04×150.86×0×0×
Gross margin32.6%100.0%101.0%60.4%63.8%100.0%100.0%100.0%
Operating margin6.6%22.2%22.6%19.7%21.2%12.9%35.1%40.0%
Net margin6.0%20.1%21.1%16.3%16.0%8.1%26.1%29.3%
Current ratio0.03×0.02×0.01×0.03×0.04×0.08×0.6×0.51×
Debt / equity4.02×4.61×4.68×5.13×4.43×4.74×4.29×4.12×
Interest coverage0.1×0.09×0.11×0.71×0.87×0.45×22.82×497.06×
Dividend yield2.1%3.7%3.2%5.5%3.5%1.9%1.4%2.1%
Payout ratio26.4%27.5%23.4%21.6%20.3%31.4%15.1%13.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity2.0%2.1%2.3%3.7%3.2%1.7%3.6%4.2%
Return on invested capital0.3%0.8%0.3%0.5%0.5%0.3%2.0%107.1%
Return on assets0.3%0.3%0.3%0.4%0.4%0.2%0.5%0.6%
Free cash flow yield31.9%35.7%-144.1%301.9%70.6%-4.0%42.9%-42.4%
Earnings yield8.1%13.3%13.8%25.6%17.3%6.1%9.5%15.2%
Enterprise value€18.5B€18.9B€18B€18.6B€16.4B€15.7B€14.7B€13B
Net debt / EBITDA149.13×163.34×151.93×99.93×93.16×142.62×0×0×
Cash conversion cycle (days)0320224-478-85949800