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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+768.8%
€1,546.29
vs €177.98 price
Levered DCF
-€298.60
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.07
Distress zone
Rating
C+
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.02×6.05×5.88×4.21×6.15×15.36×11.09×8.05×
P/B0.23×0.17×0.17×0.17×0.22×0.28×0.39×0.37×
P/S0.79×1.44×1.38×0.69×0.97×1.17×2.64×2.17×
EV / EBITDA114.13×128.55×127.79×96.33×79.27×142.49×0×75.04×
Gross margin41.9%100.7%100.9%58.6%60.7%54.8%100.0%100.0%
Operating margin10.9%25.0%25.5%19.1%20.1%11.6%31.1%35.8%
Net margin9.9%23.8%23.5%16.3%15.7%7.6%23.8%26.9%
Current ratio0.03×0.03×0.11×0.03×0.05×0.07×10.97×3.47×
Debt / equity3.91×4.4×4.76×5.4×4.62×5.24×4.93×4.75×
Interest coverage0.2×0.15×0.16×0.71×0.76×0.37×0.59×0.79×
Dividend yield2.3%3.5%3.3%3.1%2.1%2.2%1.6%1.8%
Payout ratio18.3%21.1%19.6%13.2%13.2%34.0%17.8%14.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity2.9%2.8%2.9%4.0%3.6%1.8%3.5%4.6%
Return on invested capital0.4%1.1%0.4%0.6%0.6%0.3%12.3%37.8%
Return on assets0.4%0.3%0.3%0.4%0.4%0.2%0.4%0.6%
Free cash flow yield27.3%-0.3%-120.9%198.1%57.9%-2.0%45.9%12.4%
Earnings yield12.5%16.5%17.0%23.8%16.3%6.5%9.0%12.4%
Enterprise value€15.4B€15B€15B€15.2B€12.4B€13.2B€13.3B€12.5B
Net debt / EBITDA107.77×123.66×123.21×93.18×75.05×134.63×0×69.56×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-10917466,884-2,336-5,04624400