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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-148.7%
-€2.55
vs €5.24 price
Levered DCF
€109.14
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
-0.05
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E19.55×16.36×8.23×12.32×17.54×21.36×15.95×22.69×
P/B3.86×2.99×1.99×2.01×3.91×2.35×3.53×2.93×
P/S0.79×0.68×0.53×0.52×0.84×0.49×0.65×0.62×
EV / EBITDA6.93×5.83×5.21×5.47×20.51×19.15×15.13×9.03×
Gross margin12.6%68.2%37.0%41.7%30.1%40.3%39.4%34.4%
Operating margin7.2%7.8%13.0%8.9%7.9%7.2%8.4%5.6%
Net margin4.0%4.2%6.4%4.2%4.7%2.3%4.1%2.8%
Current ratio0.56×0.66×0.63×0.59×0.6×0.4×0.42×0.56×
Debt / equity2.18×1.94×2.45×2.99×14.95×12.64×11.41×6.24×
Interest coverage4.75×4.92×7.46×5.11×4.92×4.39×5.73×4.02×
Dividend yield2.5%3.4%3.6%3.9%1.9%0.0%3.2%13.3%
Payout ratio48.1%54.8%29.6%48.5%33.2%0.0%51.4%290.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity19.7%18.4%24.0%16.3%22.1%11.1%22.3%13.4%
Return on invested capital4.6%7.4%11.4%5.4%5.2%5.5%7.4%5.4%
Return on assets0.8%0.8%1.3%0.9%1.1%0.6%1.2%1.1%
Free cash flow yield13.7%120.9%194.4%0.6%3.2%69.1%58.0%14.7%
Earnings yield5.1%6.2%12.1%8.1%5.6%4.7%6.3%4.6%
Enterprise value€1.2B€902.9M€766.7M€659.9M€2.4B€1.7B€1.5B€920.9M
Net debt / EBITDA1.23×1.05×1.8×1.75×14.71×15.24×10.51×4.82×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-1,391-1,575-142217196747238