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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+37.7%
€108.76
vs €79.00 price
Levered DCF
€86.32
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.76
Grey zone
Rating
—
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E24.15×13.58×13.44×20.42×31.81×1,491.64×27.9×25.39×
P/B3.11×2.31×2.56×3.51×7×5.62×5.46×4.87×
P/S0.94×0.67×0.76×0.9×1.48×1.01×1.26×1.2×
EV / EBITDA8.37×6.03×6.18×6.95×10.97×10.77×10.34×9.55×
Gross margin12.5%27.7%20.0%19.3%18.4%16.4%19.6%21.1%
Operating margin6.8%8.7%9.1%8.3%6.4%2.7%6.8%6.7%
Net margin3.9%5.0%5.6%4.4%4.7%0.1%4.5%4.7%
Current ratio0.97×1.16×0.87×0.85×1.19×1.42×1.67×1.64×
Debt / equity1.19×1.24×1.03×1.02×1.44×2.25×1.77×0.65×
Interest coverage3.27×4.05×7.67×8.66×8.56×3.09×9.16×7.58×
Dividend yield1.6%3.5%2.4%1.9%0.0%1.6%1.2%1.1%
Payout ratio37.8%47.7%32.6%38.1%0.0%2344.7%34.4%29.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity12.9%17.0%19.1%17.1%22.0%0.4%19.6%19.1%
Return on invested capital4.8%7.7%8.8%7.8%6.9%0.1%5.9%7.6%
Return on assets3.8%4.9%6.0%4.5%4.8%0.1%4.5%6.0%
Free cash flow yield4.1%10.8%8.3%14.4%6.4%1.3%-2.7%2.4%
Earnings yield4.1%7.4%7.4%4.9%3.1%0.1%3.6%3.9%
Enterprise value€724.1M€510.1M€507.2M€531.1M€751.1M€456.7M€488.4M€332.8M
Net debt / EBITDA2.24×1.83×1.58×1.09×1.33×2.01×1.78×0.14×
Cash conversion cycle (days)7340484954548650