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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+118.9%
€5.28
vs €2.41 price
Levered DCF
€3.68
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.63
Grey zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E13.35×24.3×33.28×56.58×13.44×10.72×-18.64×17.55×
P/B0.93×0.99×1.05×1.1×1.83×1.1×1.21×1.04×
P/S0.41×0.41×0.36×0.35×0.55×0.41×0.44×0.39×
EV / EBITDA3.85×4.48×5.53×6.54×6.18×3.88×9.84×5.87×
Gross margin33.7%32.1%32.5%26.8%27.4%31.7%28.7%30.0%
Operating margin7.7%7.6%6.0%4.8%5.7%7.1%1.0%6.7%
Net margin3.1%1.7%1.1%0.6%4.1%3.8%-2.4%2.2%
Current ratio1.56×1.47×1.39×1.67×1.07×1.74×1.42×1.63×
Debt / equity0.37×0.35×0.39×0.48×0.53×0.67×0.84×0.63×
Interest coverage7.6×4.93×5.76×6.62×6.28×4.72×0.49×3.62×
Dividend yield3.5%3.3%3.9%2.8%1.6%0.1%1.5%1.6%
Payout ratio45.6%79.7%129.5%158.2%21.3%0.6%-28.4%28.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.1%4.1%3.1%1.9%13.4%10.1%-6.5%5.8%
Return on invested capital7.3%6.3%8.9%4.4%10.7%8.8%1.4%7.8%
Return on assets3.5%1.9%1.4%0.8%5.0%4.0%-2.5%2.5%
Free cash flow yield8.3%10.0%24.6%7.7%0.4%24.8%5.1%13.9%
Earnings yield7.7%4.1%3.0%1.8%7.4%9.2%-5.3%5.6%
Enterprise value€411.4M€421.8M€386.1M€426.7M€523.8M€319.4M€420.4M€357.1M
Net debt / EBITDA0.91×0.9×1.01×1.35×0.73×0.67×3.28×1.54×
Cash conversion cycle (days)8145354937466451