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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+274.1%
€6.86
vs €1.84 price
Levered DCF
€6.56
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
1.64
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E15.08×15.33×14.27×13.11×12.53×-40.8×23.61×70.56×
P/B1.33×1.3×1.58×1.9×1.72×1.27×1.32×1.37×
P/S0.69×0.63×0.68×0.76×0.66×0.51×0.49×0.62×
EV / EBITDA7.29×4.47×5.72×5.63×5.93×4.68×4.76×6.22×
Gross margin16.7%65.7%18.1%48.0%45.9%49.7%36.3%31.2%
Operating margin11.1%10.5%8.6%9.9%8.1%3.7%4.9%3.6%
Net margin4.7%4.2%4.5%5.9%5.2%-1.3%2.1%0.9%
Current ratio1.24×1.17×1.24×1.4×1.28×1.49×1.25×1.34×
Debt / equity0.59×0.65×0.78×0.81×0.87×0.88×0.81×0.54×
Interest coverage3.95×3.81×4.81×10.17×15.85×4.02×4.07×3.26×
Dividend yield1.5%1.4%1.2%0.9%0.5%0.0%1.5%2.9%
Payout ratio22.3%20.9%17.2%11.1%6.9%0.0%36.3%207.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.1%8.6%10.6%14.6%13.5%-3.1%5.6%1.9%
Return on invested capital6.4%6.2%6.4%8.1%8.5%0.4%3.9%1.9%
Return on assets3.1%3.0%3.6%5.0%4.8%-1.0%1.9%0.8%
Free cash flow yield5.1%14.7%5.6%3.6%13.9%-0.5%3.3%2.1%
Earnings yield6.8%6.6%6.7%7.7%7.9%-2.5%4.2%1.4%
Enterprise value€35.4M€31.9M€38.9M€37.8M€31.5M€20.2M€22.1M€22.3M
Net debt / EBITDA1.68×0.96×1.35×0.84×1.09×0.85×0.86×0.94×
Cash conversion cycle (days)206761102617183838