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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+10302.3%
€22,260.95
vs €214.00 price
Levered DCF
€1,349.68
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.2
Distress zone
Rating
—
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018FY2017
P/E30.19×25.57×23.64×32.24×21.83×24.9×27.78×32.61×
P/B0.61×0.61×0.55×0.71×0.45×0.59×0.62×0.69×
P/S0.16×0.16×0.16×0.22×0.14×0.17×0.18×0.2×
EV / EBITDA-1.08×-1.16×0.37×0.53×0.51×3.25×0.4×0.45×
Gross margin80.0%77.4%82.4%82.1%82.2%100.0%100.0%100.0%
Operating margin80.4%77.9%82.8%83.6%82.3%84.7%-85.9%86.4%
Net margin0.5%0.6%0.7%0.7%0.6%0.7%0.6%0.6%
Current ratio1.06×1.18×1.18×1.16×1.27×-1.26×1.23×1.23×
Debt / equity0×0×4.45×4.55×4.65×4.75×4.87×4.98×
Interest coverage1.01×1.01×1.02×1.02×1.04×1.01×-1×1.02×
Dividend yield6.5%6.4%6.9%4.8%8.8%6.9%6.4%5.6%
Payout ratio197.1%164.8%162.5%154.7%192.9%172.9%176.5%184.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018FY2017
Return on equity2.0%2.4%2.3%2.2%2.0%2.4%2.2%2.1%
Return on invested capital35.5%40.6%39.3%36.8%34.6%-100.2%-35.0%34.2%
Return on assets0.2%0.3%0.3%0.2%0.2%0.3%0.2%0.2%
Free cash flow yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Earnings yield3.3%3.9%4.2%3.1%4.6%4.0%3.6%3.1%
Enterprise value-€1.4M-€1.4M€437.1K€573.9K€505.9K€3.6M€446.8K€488.7K
Net debt / EBITDA-1.28×-1.37×0.18×0.27×0.34×3.05×0.19×0.22×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-243-154-159-130-2553100