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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+42.6%
€57.45
vs €40.29 price
Levered DCF
-€7.57
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.56
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E14.58×10.12×7.38×8.94×11.33×-175.18×14.18×13.54×
P/B1.33×1.32×1.29×1.19×1.67×2.98×2.49×2.75×
P/S0.63×0.54×0.5×0.47×0.67×0.68×0.53×0.56×
EV / EBITDA10.3×9.62×6.24×6.7×6.65×19.6×10.5×9.86×
Gross margin23.2%24.6%21.4%18.8%18.4%15.7%18.8%19.0%
Operating margin8.9%10.6%8.7%5.7%3.7%-0.1%5.0%5.7%
Net margin4.3%5.4%6.8%5.2%5.9%-0.4%3.7%4.1%
Current ratio1.84×1.63×1.65×1.54×1.61×1.19×1.27×1.23×
Debt / equity1.35×1.19×1.19×0.94×0.95×2.36×2.36×2.17×
Interest coverage14.48×37.15×26.14×15.42×13.8×-0.27×11.27×12.56×
Dividend yield5.1%5.2%3.8%0.0%0.0%0.1%4.0%2.4%
Payout ratio74.2%52.7%28.3%0.0%0.3%-9.8%56.9%32.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.1%13.1%17.5%13.3%14.7%-1.7%17.6%20.3%
Return on invested capital4.7%7.6%6.4%7.1%3.6%0.1%4.9%6.9%
Return on assets2.7%3.9%5.3%4.2%4.3%-0.3%3.1%3.6%
Free cash flow yield11.2%0.5%-3.3%-6.0%5.0%13.8%0.6%-1.4%
Earnings yield6.9%9.9%13.6%11.2%8.8%-0.6%7.1%7.4%
Enterprise value€49.3B€49.2B€46.5B€36.7B€34.4B€42.3B€46.7B€43.3B
Net debt / EBITDA4.31×3.88×2.5×2.35×1.52×8.23×4.99×4.28×
Cash conversion cycle (days)174155158151148158155152