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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+903.9%
€14.56
vs €1.45 price
Levered DCF
€54.88
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.67
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E51.89×8.45×7.28×8.14×10.74×11.27×12.15×19.4×
P/B0.63×0.75×1.12×1.32×1.83×1.32×1.35×1.89×
P/S0.09×0.12×0.18×0.2×0.29×0.21×0.19×0.25×
EV / EBITDA3.29×4.14×5.49×6.23×5.49×4.66×5.67×7.73×
Gross margin7.3%14.3%7.6%8.6%8.3%7.9%8.2%11.2%
Operating margin3.8%4.0%4.1%3.3%5.2%4.3%4.0%3.9%
Net margin0.2%1.4%2.4%2.5%2.8%1.9%1.5%1.3%
Current ratio1.2×1.08×1.12×1.06×1.07×1.1×1.15×1.13×
Debt / equity1.68×1.42×1.38×1.82×1.65×1.95×2.45×2.42×
Interest coverage3.31×3.4×4.61×3.19×4.13×2.95×3.14×3.61×
Dividend yield5.9%8.6%6.1%4.9%3.4%4.8%5.0%3.8%
Payout ratio313.5%72.2%44.6%39.0%36.4%54.9%61.5%72.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity1.2%8.9%15.3%16.4%17.2%11.5%10.9%9.9%
Return on invested capital5.5%5.4%6.6%4.6%7.6%5.8%5.5%6.0%
Return on assets0.2%1.6%2.8%2.6%2.8%1.8%1.5%1.3%
Free cash flow yield59.2%27.2%1.5%18.2%2.9%36.1%15.8%10.3%
Earnings yield1.9%11.9%13.7%12.4%9.4%8.7%8.1%5.3%
Enterprise value€492M€591M€806.6M€819.2M€919.9M€678.7M€966.7M€1.1B
Net debt / EBITDA1.45×1.91×2.33×2.33×1.33×0.97×2.42×2.46×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-1219282517214443