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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+34.4%
€6.29
vs €4.68 price
Levered DCF
€0.00
After debt service
Piotroski score
8 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.53
Grey zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E7.19×8.54×7.19×6.85×15.03×13.5×21.68×20.19×
P/B1.53×1.77×1.79×1.83×2.77×1.09×1.14×2.11×
P/S0.34×0.37×0.31×0.28×0.39×0.16×0.17×0.32×
EV / EBITDA4.51×4.7×4.04×3.94×5.28×4.31×5.58×7.36×
Gross margin76.8%77.1%47.8%47.8%49.6%46.9%47.3%49.3%
Operating margin8.6%7.8%5.8%6.7%6.2%3.4%2.8%4.1%
Net margin4.8%4.3%4.3%4.2%2.6%1.2%0.8%1.6%
Current ratio1.42×1.47×1.88×1.73×2.2×1.5×1.26×1.78×
Debt / equity1.31×1.34×1.15×1.36×1.21×1.78×1.95×2.01×
Interest coverage6.34×6.02×6.69×12.41×8.87×3.69×2.76×4.53×
Dividend yield7.3%7.6%7.7%5.4%2.2%6.2%6.0%4.6%
Payout ratio52.4%65.0%55.3%36.7%32.6%84.6%129.0%93.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity21.4%20.6%24.9%26.9%18.4%7.9%5.3%10.5%
Return on invested capital8.0%7.5%6.5%7.5%6.1%2.6%2.5%4.4%
Return on assets5.8%5.4%6.3%5.9%4.1%1.6%1.0%2.1%
Free cash flow yield5.1%-8.1%14.7%-5.1%10.6%44.2%32.3%-5.1%
Earnings yield14.0%11.7%13.9%14.7%6.6%7.3%4.6%5.0%
Enterprise value€159M€154.4M€127M€121.5M€133.6M€76M€88M€124M
Net debt / EBITDA1.91×1.82×1.26×1.39×1.36×2.34×3.29×3.34×
Cash conversion cycle (days)7-5324541273849