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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-45.6%
€8.80
vs €16.18 price
Levered DCF
€7.92
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
6.93
Safe zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E25.78×18.25×16.25×20.65×27.33×25.54×24.29×14.68×
P/B2.71×2.43×2.27×3.63×4.6×2.31×2.87×1.24×
P/S1.89×1.65×1.13×1.69×2.17×1.27×1.59×0.72×
EV / EBITDA11.54×8.58×8.66×11.65×14.59×12.13×12.65×5.54×
Gross margin42.9%42.2%36.4%36.1%36.1%33.3%38.1%38.1%
Operating margin12.2%13.8%11.3%12.0%11.4%7.4%9.5%8.7%
Net margin7.3%9.1%7.0%8.2%8.0%5.0%6.5%4.9%
Current ratio3.1×3.73×1.94×1.8×1.7×1.95×2.06×2.31×
Debt / equity0.09×0.12×0.21×0.26×0.22×0.24×0.17×0.1×
Interest coverage37.19×33.1×43.3×51.82×51.45×32.37×36.8×37.59×
Dividend yield1.7%1.8%2.4%1.5%0.8%0.0%1.2%3.1%
Payout ratio43.1%33.0%39.2%31.3%20.7%0.6%29.7%46.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity10.5%13.4%13.9%17.6%16.9%9.0%11.7%8.4%
Return on invested capital10.2%9.9%11.5%13.0%12.9%7.8%9.8%8.9%
Return on assets6.9%7.0%6.7%7.5%7.0%4.3%6.1%4.7%
Free cash flow yield5.4%7.9%-0.1%-1.4%5.1%6.5%2.5%-5.8%
Earnings yield3.9%5.5%6.2%4.8%3.7%3.9%4.1%6.7%
Enterprise value€978.7M€835M€726.5M€1.1B€1.1B€451M€579.8M€189.2M
Net debt / EBITDA-1.61×-1.03×-0.68×-0.88×-1.58×-1.86×-1.29×-1.76×
Cash conversion cycle (days)16017213912396113118130