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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+523.4%
€109.09
vs €17.50 price
Levered DCF
€75.25
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
3.39
Safe zone
Rating
S-
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.8×9.76×10.49×9.51×7.96×31.51×15.54×8.92×
P/B2.12×1.9×2.03×1.7×1.71×1.62×2.15×2.22×
P/S2.37×2.11×2.24×2.01×2.02×2.59×2.95×2.7×
EV / EBITDA7.61×5.74×7.1×6.56×4.9×14.33×8.94×8.16×
Gross margin70.8%72.3%69.7%66.7%69.6%66.5%71.6%71.1%
Operating margin21.0%22.7%23.9%21.4%27.0%6.4%22.3%24.2%
Net margin18.5%21.7%21.3%21.2%25.4%8.2%19.0%30.3%
Current ratio2.73×3.43×3.47×3.43×3.5×3.35×3.61×4.15×
Debt / equity0.06×0.06×0.07×0.09×0.11×0.12×0.1×0.07×
Interest coverage34.34×40.04×45.05×34.77×41.54×6.78×38.13×77.31×
Dividend yield3.3%3.6%5.5%6.7%4.8%0.0%4.4%4.3%
Payout ratio41.7%34.8%58.2%64.2%38.4%0.0%69.2%38.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity16.6%19.4%19.3%17.8%21.5%5.1%13.8%24.9%
Return on invested capital15.6%17.7%18.2%15.7%18.8%3.5%12.6%18.3%
Return on assets11.9%14.7%14.7%13.4%15.8%3.8%10.7%19.9%
Free cash flow yield4.6%13.6%7.3%0.4%13.4%6.9%5.6%9.7%
Earnings yield7.8%10.2%9.5%10.5%12.6%3.1%6.4%11.2%
Enterprise value€435.6M€343.8M€350.8M€264.6M€222.5M€192.6M€259.3M€255.4M
Net debt / EBITDA-1.02×-1.25×-0.74×-0.84×-1.21×-2.66×-1.57×-1.87×
Cash conversion cycle (days)264300297310248348278214