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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-35.2%
€41.80
vs €64.50 price
Levered DCF
€15.46
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.96
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E17.35×17.89×28.43×18.02×34.16×-28.79×22.94×11.85×
P/B2.23×1×1.14×0.92×1.43×1.08×1.58×1.16×
P/S1.39×0.56×0.65×0.72×1.29×0.87×0.92×0.65×
EV / EBITDA10.47×6.18×8.64×7.22×11×16.39×7.04×6.1×
Gross margin6.9%46.8%46.1%12.5%11.3%9.7%15.0%52.1%
Operating margin9.2%5.1%5.6%6.3%5.7%-2.3%9.0%8.0%
Net margin8.0%3.1%2.3%4.0%3.8%-3.0%4.0%5.5%
Current ratio2×1.7×1.59×1.7×1.7×1.73×1.89×1.68×
Debt / equity0.46×0.68×0.69×0.39×0.46×0.47×0.56×0.53×
Interest coverage1.98×2.95×4.45×13.28×10.59×-4.45×20.31×20.47×
Dividend yield0.7%1.4%0.7%1.5%0.5%0.0%1.5%2.3%
Payout ratio12.8%25.3%21.3%27.1%16.9%0.0%33.6%27.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity12.9%5.6%4.0%5.1%4.2%-3.8%6.9%9.8%
Return on invested capital6.7%3.7%3.2%3.9%2.9%-1.5%6.6%6.5%
Return on assets6.6%2.5%1.8%2.8%2.3%-2.0%3.5%4.9%
Free cash flow yield3.1%8.0%3.6%1.8%3.3%10.2%6.2%5.5%
Earnings yield5.8%5.6%3.5%5.5%2.9%-3.5%4.4%8.4%
Enterprise value€2.7B€1.5B€1.6B€1.3B€1.8B€1.3B€1.9B€1.4B
Net debt / EBITDA0.92×2.02×2.76×1.59×1.69×2.81×1.21×1.45×
Cash conversion cycle (days)8183736688686271