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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+350.3%
€256.66
vs €57.00 price
Levered DCF
€961.16
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.77
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E81.48×42.31×186.46×56.14×49.81×77.98×22.56×20.66×
P/B1.75×1.76×1.63×4.19×4.99×2.84×1.72×1.52×
P/S0.89×0.96×1.2×1.3×1.86×0.89×0.5×0.45×
EV / EBITDA9.99×8.23×17.37×14.43×16.12×13.14×8.59×11.66×
Gross margin52.4%53.3%22.8%24.8%29.2%24.7%23.4%39.3%
Operating margin8.5%10.3%5.1%7.0%8.6%5.2%4.2%3.2%
Net margin1.1%2.3%0.6%2.3%3.7%1.1%2.2%2.2%
Current ratio1.79×2.04×1.78×1.63×1.93×1.82×1.57×1.73×
Debt / equity1.08×0.96×0.78×1.64×1.23×1.33×0.99×0.99×
Interest coverage2.31×1.85×1.69×2.8×5.03×4.43×3.85×2.59×
Dividend yield0.5%0.4%0.4%0.4%0.3%0.0%1.0%1.3%
Payout ratio37.0%15.6%69.0%20.3%17.1%0.0%22.6%27.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity2.1%4.2%0.9%7.5%10.0%3.6%7.6%7.3%
Return on invested capital3.7%4.4%1.5%5.0%6.0%3.4%4.4%3.2%
Return on assets0.6%1.3%0.3%2.0%3.2%1.1%2.6%2.6%
Free cash flow yield1.2%3.5%2.2%-1.5%-1.2%2.0%-2.0%-0.3%
Earnings yield1.2%2.4%0.5%1.8%2.0%1.3%4.4%4.8%
Enterprise value€950.1M€912.9M€888.2M€883.7M€765.5M€439.9M€302.3M€253.7M
Net debt / EBITDA3.2×2.23×4.44×3.39×2.3×3.19×2.75×3.78×
Cash conversion cycle (days)1181181589199939289