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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1784.1%
€648.13
vs €34.40 price
Levered DCF
€848.34
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.72
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E12.17×23.02×38.81×7.48×12.52×309.4×12.96×9.52×
P/B0.89×0.88×0.7×0.98×0.9×0.95×0.83×0.72×
P/S4.06×4.83×4.89×7.59×8.09×6.84×9.17×7.58×
EV / EBITDA14.05×14.75×21.05×29.32×26.74×34.51×11.91×35.44×
Gross margin62.6%65.0%66.3%62.1%64.5%53.2%56.0%50.3%
Operating margin47.7%66.8%62.4%44.2%48.3%30.7%38.5%31.9%
Net margin33.4%20.9%12.6%101.6%64.6%2.2%70.8%79.6%
Current ratio2.37×3.19×1.33×1.98×2.18×1.18×1.45×1.93×
Debt / equity1.37×1.18×0.96×0.82×0.68×0.68×0.51×0.53×
Interest coverage2.48×2.06×1.99×3.97×6.05×4.73×3.29×2.13×
Dividend yield6.6%6.2%6.5%4.7%3.3%3.5%3.7%2.8%
Payout ratio80.2%142.8%252.8%35.1%40.7%1082.8%47.8%26.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.3%3.8%1.8%13.1%7.2%0.3%6.4%7.5%
Return on invested capital2.4%4.0%3.4%2.7%2.8%2.3%1.8%1.8%
Return on assets2.4%1.6%0.8%6.3%3.7%0.2%3.6%4.6%
Free cash flow yield-21.6%6.6%7.9%2.8%1.9%3.2%0.9%-2.6%
Earnings yield8.2%4.3%2.6%13.4%8.0%0.3%7.7%10.5%
Enterprise value€2.1B€1.8B€1.7B€1.7B€1.3B€1.2B€944.8M€669.3M
Net debt / EBITDA7.87×7.34×11.79×12.67×10.52×13.36×3.79×12.7×
Cash conversion cycle (days)221332490433490395436529