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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-343.9%
-€159.29
vs €65.30 price
Levered DCF
-€37.57
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.36
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E13.35×21.59×-4.55×41.37×10.66×60.14×7.76×8.29×
P/B0.57×0.64×0.77×0.55×0.7×0.74×0.93×0.71×
P/S6.97×7.83×9.72×9.09×11.88×11.25×12.41×12.33×
EV / EBITDA23.05×32.01×-8.52×53.81×33.71×65.5×33.94×29.66×
Gross margin77.2%73.6%74.4%73.8%80.9%76.8%75.2%96.4%
Operating margin65.2%50.0%-193.1%62.6%60.6%56.3%57.7%75.6%
Net margin52.2%36.3%-213.9%22.0%111.5%18.8%160.0%148.7%
Current ratio0.08×0.72×0.47×0.18×0.19×0.38×0.54×0.41×
Debt / equity0.65×0.64×0.61×0.57×0.53×0.58×0.57×0.63×
Interest coverage5.97×4.72×-18.31×4.59×5.19×4.91×5.36×4.64×
Dividend yield6.7%5.9%4.8%5.6%4.3%4.2%3.5%3.4%
Payout ratio90.0%126.7%-21.9%230.5%46.0%251.1%26.8%27.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.2%2.9%-16.9%1.3%6.6%1.2%11.9%8.6%
Return on invested capital3.2%2.4%-9.4%2.4%2.3%2.4%2.7%2.7%
Return on assets2.5%1.7%-10.1%0.8%4.2%0.8%7.4%5.1%
Free cash flow yield-8.2%2.2%2.7%2.1%1.6%3.2%3.0%2.1%
Earnings yield7.5%4.6%-22.0%2.4%9.4%1.7%12.9%12.1%
Enterprise value€12.8B€13.3B€14.4B€14.2B€16B€16.3B€19B€15.7B
Net debt / EBITDA12.26×15.88×-3.72×27.2×14.57×28.24×12.93×13.94×
Cash conversion cycle (days)5461,3682463474906161,5447,508