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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+159.0%
€5.49
vs €2.12 price
Levered DCF
€2.17
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.1
Grey zone
Rating
B-
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E-19.27×26.77×25.71×26.26×339.27×26.59×145.05×39.35×
P/B0.8×0.9×1.31×1.22×2.24×2.66×2.12×2.2×
P/S1.05×0.92×1.39×1.05×1.68×1.96×2.12×2.08×
EV / EBITDA-67.97×4.9×7.44×8.23×22.08×13.69×17.7×16.09×
Gross margin15.9%62.6%29.9%24.7%66.2%64.1%68.9%66.0%
Operating margin-8.8%8.6%8.1%5.4%2.4%11.1%5.3%9.2%
Net margin-5.5%3.5%5.3%4.0%0.5%7.4%1.5%5.4%
Current ratio6.41×5.21×2.93×10.67×2.33×2.73×2.96×3.51×
Debt / equity0.13×0.16×0.32×0.42×0.5×0.51×0.38×0.17×
Interest coverage-16.89×16.27×11.09×7.73×4.12×11.41×4.53×4.02×
Dividend yield3.5%2.9%2.8%2.4%4.8%2.3%4.7%5.2%
Payout ratio-66.1%76.7%73.2%63.8%1619.8%60.5%683.1%201.6%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity-4.2%3.4%5.0%4.6%0.7%10.1%1.5%5.7%
Return on invested capital-4.8%4.5%4.3%2.4%2.0%6.7%1.0%4.5%
Return on assets-3.2%2.5%3.1%2.7%0.4%5.7%0.9%3.9%
Free cash flow yield7.8%6.5%-0.7%-0.5%-0.9%2.1%-3.4%-8.5%
Earnings yield-5.2%3.7%3.8%3.8%0.3%3.8%0.7%2.6%
Enterprise value€10.5M€14.4M€31.2M€27.7M€48.5M€59.5M€45.6M€42.8M
Net debt / EBITDA33.19×-1.49×0.47×0.17×3.21×1.28×1.35×-0.74×
Cash conversion cycle (days)118267242159372260438335