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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+87.8%
€401.93
vs €214.00 price
Levered DCF
€269.44
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.6
Grey zone
Rating
A+
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E9.22×11.4×7.43×5.93×6.37×53.47×13.28×9.5×
P/B1.89×1.99×1.24×1.1×1.27×1.1×1.41×1.37×
P/S0.84×0.77×0.41×0.33×0.37×0.32×0.4×0.39×
EV / EBITDA5.1×6.03×3.92×2.81×3.63×6.78×8.01×6.69×
Gross margin23.4%51.7%48.3%45.1%47.8%48.4%44.5%46.2%
Operating margin11.8%9.3%7.8%7.7%8.6%1.5%4.7%4.3%
Net margin9.2%6.7%5.6%5.6%5.9%0.6%3.0%4.1%
Current ratio1.27×1.06×1.1×1.03×1×0.89×0.88×1.09×
Debt / equity0.11×0.14×0.26×0.27×0.41×0.81×1.13×0.39×
Interest coverage36.1×21.49×17.38×20.48×14.89×1.88×7.56×7.66×
Dividend yield3.5%3.7%6.5%6.2%3.0%0.0%3.9%3.6%
Payout ratio32.3%42.1%48.6%36.7%19.2%0.0%52.3%33.9%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity20.6%17.4%16.7%18.5%19.9%2.1%10.6%14.4%
Return on invested capital16.5%15.0%13.1%14.7%14.1%2.7%5.2%11.8%
Return on assets10.6%8.4%7.1%6.6%7.1%0.7%3.1%5.1%
Free cash flow yield13.3%14.8%-5.9%34.6%28.0%27.7%-5.9%-5.2%
Earnings yield10.8%8.8%13.5%16.9%15.7%1.9%7.5%10.5%
Enterprise value€209.7M€213.3M€130M€92.2M€122.4M€116.1M€156.2M€100.4M
Net debt / EBITDA-0.3×0.16×0.4×-0.07×0.78×2.71×3.49×1.3×
Cash conversion cycle (days)8610311913712812511193