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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-60.0%
€31.55
vs €78.95 price
Levered DCF
€15.99
After debt service
Piotroski score
7 / 9
Strong
Altman Z-score
2.91
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E33.18×90.86×58.54×32.91×106.68×118.94×80.77×40.71×
P/B2.29×3.18×3.48×2.26×12.79×14.71×11.06×5.97×
P/S1.43×2.01×2.39×1.35×7.21×8.36×5.83×3.43×
EV / EBITDA14.67×21.84×23.48×13.33×43.6×53.06×39.06×24.52×
Gross margin15.5%43.1%42.3%57.3%55.9%54.3%27.0%26.5%
Operating margin4.9%2.2%2.1%5.3%10.7%9.3%10.1%10.6%
Net margin4.3%2.2%4.1%4.1%6.8%7.0%7.2%8.4%
Current ratio1.46×1.42×1.53×1.06×1.18×1.1×1.07×1.37×
Debt / equity0.47×0.53×0.54×0.69×0.78×0.86×0.65×0.53×
Interest coverage7.41×3.32×3.47×7.47×13.35×11.84×16.4×20.91×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity6.9%3.5%6.0%6.9%12.0%12.4%13.7%14.7%
Return on invested capital4.5%1.8%1.9%4.1%6.5%6.4%8.1%8.9%
Return on assets3.8%1.8%3.3%3.2%5.1%4.9%6.2%7.4%
Free cash flow yield2.5%1.0%0.5%0.4%0.8%0.3%1.0%2.3%
Earnings yield3.0%1.1%1.7%3.0%0.9%0.8%1.2%2.5%
Enterprise value€947M€1.2B€1.3B€771.6M€3.4B€3.4B€2.1B€963.2M
Net debt / EBITDA1.31×1.78×1.61×2.73×1.92×2.44×1.71×1.25×
Cash conversion cycle (days)13-2516-2-27-2947