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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+6.9%
€9.56
vs €8.95 price
Levered DCF
€10.27
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
4.02
Safe zone
Rating
A
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E20.89×13.3×11.4×18.19×21.81×9.23×11.61×5.45×
P/B2.14×2.27×2.13×5.73×7.3×2.18×3.38×2.02×
P/S1.35×1.31×1.03×1.9×2.71×0.79×1.04×0.54×
EV / EBITDA7.66×6.88×6.67×12.54×15.55×5.8×6.59×3.86×
Gross margin17.9%33.6%15.8%28.2%31.2%31.6%27.6%27.3%
Operating margin11.8%12.7%12.6%14.8%15.3%11.8%14.2%14.6%
Net margin6.5%9.9%8.9%10.5%12.4%8.7%8.8%9.9%
Current ratio3.65×3.37×3.26×2×1.7×1.79×2.62×1.77×
Debt / equity0.23×0.23×0.32×0.24×0.18×0.3×0.33×0.38×
Interest coverage3.98×11.98×15.71×58.74×42.86×21.9×29.66×16.67×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity10.3%17.1%18.6%31.6%33.5%23.9%28.7%37.2%
Return on invested capital9.5%13.1%14.6%26.4%27.8%19.8%22.5%29.3%
Return on assets6.7%10.6%10.9%16.4%16.3%12.1%17.2%18.2%
Free cash flow yield6.3%11.0%16.6%-1.3%1.1%2.3%8.4%6.1%
Earnings yield4.8%7.5%8.7%5.5%4.6%10.9%8.5%18.3%
Enterprise value€239.6M€260.2M€219.1M€514.1M€461.3M€91.7M€75M€34.9M
Net debt / EBITDA-1.58×-1.09×-0.26×0.33×0.07×0.47×0.09×0.34×
Cash conversion cycle (days)77134130129124138918