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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-73.6%
€16.68
vs €63.20 price
Levered DCF
€66.76
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.73
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E19.57×10.81×11.97×10.87×11.75×-21.15×14.75×13.97×
P/B4.92×2.31×2.21×1.9×2.04×1.85×2.31×2.54×
P/S1.56×0.62×0.57×0.49×0.49×0.4×0.56×0.54×
EV / EBITDA18.45×6.04×5.67×5.61×6.35×21.99×7.72×6.98×
Gross margin23.6%34.7%24.8%33.5%30.5%30.4%37.2%26.7%
Operating margin8.7%9.0%8.0%7.8%7.5%0.5%6.9%6.4%
Net margin8.0%5.7%4.7%4.5%4.2%-1.9%3.8%3.9%
Current ratio1.24×1.15×1.13×1.25×1.55×1.26×1.31×1.3×
Debt / equity1.94×0.66×0.74×1.26×2.1×2.91×2.13×2.13×
Interest coverage7.44×5.39×4.84×9.04×7.14×0.41×6.68×6.69×
Dividend yield0.5%1.5%1.8%1.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio10.1%15.9%21.4%15.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity25.1%21.4%18.4%17.4%17.5%-8.6%15.6%18.2%
Return on invested capital5.5%11.5%8.3%7.8%6.2%0.4%6.3%6.5%
Return on assets4.7%5.6%4.4%3.8%3.2%-1.3%2.8%3.0%
Free cash flow yield5.2%11.3%12.9%15.8%17.6%10.6%3.1%10.6%
Earnings yield5.1%9.2%8.3%9.2%8.6%-4.7%6.8%7.2%
Enterprise value€10.9B€3.3B€2.7B€2.2B€2.2B€2B€2.6B€2.1B
Net debt / EBITDA4.03×0.54×0.48×0.79×1.43×8.33×2.38×1.57×
Cash conversion cycle (days)158867410296988057