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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+228.2%
€24.22
vs €7.38 price
Levered DCF
€67.46
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.7
Distress zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E75×60.62×45.9×51.5×79.8×130.22×479.65×205.3×
P/B3.15×3.02×3.12×3.95×5.4×7.34×7.41×14.69×
P/S1.82×1.91×1.93×2.16×2.78×3.35×2.48×3.12×
EV / EBITDA15.84×15.93×15.98×18.91×24.09×27.66×33.48×40.7×
Gross margin30.8%31.8%31.8%29.1%26.6%26.3%25.4%66.0%
Operating margin7.5%7.6%8.3%7.1%5.6%7.4%2.1%3.4%
Net margin2.4%3.2%4.3%4.3%3.6%2.6%0.5%1.5%
Current ratio1.19×1.44×1.17×1.45×1.9×1.59×1.07×1.2×
Debt / equity1.31×1.13×1.24×1.44×1.33×0.95×1.2×1.8×
Interest coverage2.26×1.93×2.41×3.27×3.8×6.21×2.55×7.97×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.1%5.1%6.9%7.9%7.0%5.6%1.5%7.2%
Return on invested capital3.6%4.6%5.3%4.7%3.7%5.5%1.5%3.1%
Return on assets1.4%2.0%2.6%2.6%2.3%2.1%0.5%1.9%
Free cash flow yield8.6%2.1%4.5%3.9%1.2%3.3%1.8%-0.8%
Earnings yield1.3%1.7%2.2%2.0%1.3%0.8%0.2%0.5%
Enterprise value€362.7M€317.5M€287.1M€225.3M€187.6M€176.9M€129.2M€127.9M
Net debt / EBITDA2.99×3.15×3.38×2.85×0.86×1.1×3.72×4.22×
Cash conversion cycle (days)7089737949457654