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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+258.6%
€76.61
vs €21.36 price
Levered DCF
€91.51
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.02
Grey zone
Rating
B-
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E34.73×9.07×11.34×10.07×17.2×24.73×12.36×13.02×
P/B1.47×1.07×1.52×1.32×2.54×2.41×1.47×1.68×
P/S0.66×0.49×0.61×0.57×1.08×0.98×0.54×0.6×
EV / EBITDA4.35×3.07×4.3×3.94×6.31×6.59×4.07×4.51×
Gross margin32.2%32.0%31.1%30.9%31.2%30.1%29.1%29.5%
Operating margin6.5%7.9%7.8%7.9%8.5%7.1%6.6%7.3%
Net margin1.9%5.4%5.4%5.7%6.3%4.0%4.3%4.6%
Current ratio1.39×1.43×1.26×1.47×1.36×1.52×1.52×1.51×
Debt / equity0.28×0.29×0.42×0.3×0.3×0.51×0.52×0.47×
Interest coverage10.44×13.53×13.4×27.21×31.38×19.79×14.65×22.95×
Dividend yield2.2%2.9%2.0%2.5%0.9%1.3%2.3%2.2%
Payout ratio77.7%26.1%22.8%25.4%16.1%31.7%28.2%28.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.2%11.9%13.5%13.1%14.8%9.8%11.9%12.9%
Return on invested capital3.0%5.9%6.4%6.7%6.8%5.1%5.0%5.7%
Return on assets1.2%4.1%4.3%4.4%4.6%2.8%3.4%3.7%
Free cash flow yield9.6%16.8%10.0%-8.8%3.5%12.5%7.3%3.6%
Earnings yield2.9%11.0%8.8%9.9%5.8%4.1%8.1%7.7%
Enterprise value€3.6B€2.8B€3.8B€3B€4.6B€3.8B€2.6B€2.6B
Net debt / EBITDA0.04×0.19×0.47×0.36×0.08×0.17×0.62×0.56×
Cash conversion cycle (days)49919511391839094