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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+1730.9%
€430.26
vs €23.50 price
Levered DCF
€299.22
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.77
Distress zone
Rating
B-
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E10.43×11.31×8.93×11.89×20.53×60.8×22.94×19.53×
P/B0.76×0.82×0.7×1.06×2.23×2.5×2.53×2.14×
P/S0.28×0.32×0.28×0.42×0.7×0.82×0.91×0.78×
EV / EBITDA7.45×7.73×7.05×7.51×9.71×12.23×10.42×11.79×
Gross margin14.5%11.3%32.8%85.5%83.8%83.8%84.0%75.3%
Operating margin6.6%8.6%8.6%8.8%8.1%6.5%10.3%7.8%
Net margin2.6%2.7%3.2%3.5%3.4%1.4%3.9%4.0%
Current ratio0.91×0.91×0.94×0.64×0.65×0.54×0.96×1.09×
Debt / equity2.75×2.98×2.97×3.15×4.65×5.15×4.32×1.6×
Interest coverage2.02×2.38×2.31×3.03×2.79×1.86×3.03×6.36×
Dividend yield2.7%2.4%2.4%1.5%0.4%0.9%0.8%0.7%
Payout ratio27.6%28.1%21.8%17.5%8.1%55.2%17.6%14.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity7.3%7.0%7.8%8.9%10.9%4.1%11.0%10.9%
Return on invested capital2.9%3.4%3.2%3.1%2.6%1.3%3.0%4.6%
Return on assets1.5%1.4%1.6%1.7%1.5%0.5%1.7%3.0%
Free cash flow yield23.6%27.6%40.5%29.3%13.7%28.1%23.3%9.1%
Earnings yield9.6%8.5%11.2%8.4%4.9%1.7%4.4%5.1%
Enterprise value€1.1B€1.1B€1B€1.1B€1.3B€1.3B€1.2B€613.7M
Net debt / EBITDA5.69×5.95×5.6×5.45×6.2×7.86×6.11×3.71×
Cash conversion cycle (days)898889156136179329166