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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+547.8%
€164.54
vs €25.40 price
Levered DCF
-€33.31
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
-0.26
Distress zone
Rating
C-
Overall 1 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
P/E14.01×12.04×9.15×8.98×7.65×10.48×9.13×9.52×
P/B1.25×1.43×1.04×0.81×0.65×0.77×0.57×0.8×
P/S2.55×4.58×2.21×2.34×2.42×2.84×1.94×2.83×
EV / EBITDA73.47×16.42×23.09×26.67×16.52×24.85×29.07×27.23×
Gross margin58.5%100.0%61.6%73.9%87.7%86.5%82.3%82.5%
Operating margin23.6%54.1%32.4%36.2%40.5%36.2%28.8%39.3%
Net margin18.2%37.9%24.1%26.1%31.6%27.0%21.2%29.9%
Current ratio1.21×0.05×2.49×0.12×0.18×0.09×194.2×24.65×
Debt / equity4.22×0.77×3.02×3.13×2.14×2.08×2.55×2.46×
Interest coverage0.68×0×0.84×1.39×3.28×2.69×1.62×2.25×
Dividend yield7.5%5.7%9.9%6.9%8.4%0.0%7.4%5.3%
Payout ratio104.9%68.5%90.5%61.8%63.9%0.5%67.8%50.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019
Return on equity9.0%11.9%11.4%9.1%8.5%7.3%6.2%8.4%
Return on invested capital0.8%2.0%1.2%-4.0%-2.6%-2.8%13.5%45.4%
Return on assets1.0%1.3%1.3%1.1%1.0%1.0%0.8%1.1%
Free cash flow yield-8.5%0.0%4.7%-35.1%83.8%-17.1%52.6%-0.2%
Earnings yield7.1%8.3%10.9%11.1%13.1%9.5%10.9%10.5%
Enterprise value€60.7B€23B€42B€40.4B€20.6B€29B€26.1B€30.7B
Net debt / EBITDA56.11×4.95×16.69×20.59×10.97×17.57×22.95×20.3×
Cash conversion cycle (days)23027-5,475-20,45145-9,807-8,961