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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+176.2%
€26.24
vs €9.50 price
Levered DCF
€30.76
After debt service
Piotroski score
4 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E30.67×17.43×17.46×21.24×12.79×7.68×12.58×13.6×
P/B1.74×1.5×1.37×1.26×1.07×0.95×1.72×1.62×
P/S4.38×4.27×5.22×5.16×3.87×3.77×4.83×5.86×
EV / EBITDA18.04×15.1×13.57×13.88×12.92×10.43×13.85×15.81×
Gross margin45.7%77.9%96.0%93.8%77.9%85.7%76.6%93.6%
Operating margin33.3%46.2%48.2%60.1%50.4%71.0%53.4%66.3%
Net margin14.4%24.3%30.0%24.4%30.3%48.9%38.6%43.2%
Current ratio1.26×3.07×1.67×1.46×1.82×1.28×0.41×0.61×
Debt / equity2.94×2.07×1.77×1.75×1.88×2.41×2.29×2.76×
Interest coverage1.47×2.69×2.3×1.75×2.37×0×5.64×2.69×
Dividend yield9.0%9.8%9.6%9.4%2.8%6.7%8.8%9.9%
Payout ratio275.2%172.3%167.8%199.6%36.0%51.2%110.7%133.8%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.7%8.5%7.9%5.9%8.4%12.4%13.7%11.9%
Return on invested capital3.1%4.8%4.1%4.7%4.3%4.6%5.0%4.3%
Return on assets1.4%2.5%2.5%1.9%2.6%3.2%3.7%2.8%
Free cash flow yield2.0%17.1%14.5%16.2%16.0%11.1%11.4%7.9%
Earnings yield3.3%5.7%5.7%4.7%7.8%13.0%8.0%7.4%
Enterprise value€2.4B€2B€2B€2B€1.9B€1.9B€2.6B€2.6B
Net debt / EBITDA10.09×7.84×7.29×7.44×7.61×6.73×7.75×9.13×
Cash conversion cycle (days)17-31-404-1441145-32-259