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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+91.7%
€142.81
vs €74.50 price
Levered DCF
€329.63
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.97
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E5.85×-5.59×31.07×-191.49×30.97×20.48×18.74×14.63×
P/B0.53×0.51×0.48×0.78×0.87×1.25×1.37×1.54×
P/S0.22×0.23×0.24×0.42×0.87×1.3×0.62×0.66×
EV / EBITDA5.03×3.78×4.35×5.92×7.27×16.95×6.49×7.12×
Gross margin47.0%14.5%47.0%47.2%52.7%52.3%46.8%46.1%
Operating margin0.7%3.5%2.3%1.2%4.5%-4.2%5.7%6.7%
Net margin3.8%-4.1%0.8%-0.2%31.8%6.4%3.3%4.5%
Current ratio1.03×1.01×1.4×1.67×1.78×1.82×1.5×1.84×
Debt / equity0.82×0.71×0.55×0.42×0.44×0.73×0.78×0.8×
Interest coverage0.45×2.48×2.84×2.76×5.35×-4.51×11.85×20.55×
Dividend yield3.5%3.7%4.8%0.0%0.0%0.2%1.7%1.9%
Payout ratio20.7%-20.6%147.9%0.0%0.0%4.1%32.7%27.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.1%-9.2%1.5%-0.4%31.7%6.1%7.3%10.5%
Return on invested capital0.6%2.6%1.6%-0.3%2.3%-2.2%4.0%5.9%
Return on assets3.6%-3.7%0.7%-0.2%15.8%2.8%3.2%4.4%
Free cash flow yield12.7%21.8%1.7%-7.2%14.2%13.0%-0.7%3.5%
Earnings yield17.1%-17.9%3.2%-0.5%36.6%4.9%5.3%6.8%
Enterprise value€150.9M€136.1M€129.6M€143.5M€145.4M€165M€191.2M€179.7M
Net debt / EBITDA2.74×2×2.06×1.31×0.9×4.38×1.98×1.75×
Cash conversion cycle (days)55387069141201118123