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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+32.2%
€14.41
vs €10.90 price
Levered DCF
€12.81
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.96
Grey zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E11.14×8.33×14.69×8.73×19.19×-12.15×27.05×18.89×
P/B0.68×0.78×1.19×1.73×3.24×3.1×2.93×2.03×
P/S0.55×0.57×0.84×1.05×1.65×1.49×1.62×1.1×
EV / EBITDA4.91×3.35×5.22×5.55×8.81×11.46×10.77×8.08×
Gross margin18.8%51.4%19.4%53.3%53.6%50.6%54.3%51.6%
Operating margin7.2%10.7%9.2%13.7%13.0%-9.9%10.4%10.4%
Net margin4.9%6.9%5.7%12.1%8.6%-12.3%6.0%5.8%
Current ratio7.84×7.37×9.7×5.85×1.23×4.16×1.5×3.53×
Debt / equity0.57×0.59×0.64×0.68×0.61×0.77×0.72×0.74×
Interest coverage5.3×6.44×4.24×14.13×13.54×-7.82×6.64×6.58×
Dividend yield2.4%2.1%1.5%1.0%0.0%0.6%0.6%0.8%
Payout ratio26.4%17.3%21.6%8.3%0.0%-6.7%16.4%15.4%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity6.1%9.3%8.1%19.8%16.9%-25.6%10.8%10.7%
Return on invested capital3.6%5.6%4.9%11.2%8.8%-8.7%5.7%5.9%
Return on assets3.2%4.8%4.1%9.4%7.4%-9.9%4.5%4.6%
Free cash flow yield-9.1%2.5%1.4%9.4%8.5%5.9%0.8%-5.7%
Earnings yield9.0%12.0%6.8%11.4%5.2%-8.2%3.7%5.3%
Enterprise value€126.3M€123.1M€173.1M€233.8M€319.5M€271.6M€332.3M€235.1M
Net debt / EBITDA0.72×0.12×0.15×0.08×0.19×1.4×1.36×1.4×
Cash conversion cycle (days)99136101124112117138112