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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+14.2%
€25.13
vs €22.00 price
Levered DCF
-€27.22
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.11
Distress zone
Rating
C+
Overall 2 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E31.64×43.65×19,285.71×17.77×30.15×24.22×36.96×31.93×
P/B1.29×1×1.22×1.5×1.91×2.13×2.1×1.76×
P/S0.66×0.48×0.46×0.74×0.9×1.02×0.96×0.84×
EV / EBITDA5.42×5.16×6.87×3.75×4.02×4.72×5.22×4.65×
Gross margin30.6%31.1%51.0%47.9%57.0%57.3%52.4%51.5%
Operating margin7.8%6.0%4.5%6.9%4.2%5.4%3.6%3.5%
Net margin2.1%1.1%0.0%4.2%3.0%4.2%2.6%2.7%
Current ratio0.54×0.61×0.43×0.37×0.61×0.48×0.58×0.62×
Debt / equity2.07×2.23×3.73×0.71×0.68×0.83×0.93×0.5×
Interest coverage1.58×1.04×0.97×6.78×17.24×13.12×7.38×8.89×
Dividend yield0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%2.5%2.3%2.4%2.9%
Payout ratio0.0%0.0%915.9%0.0%75.5%55.6%88.3%92.5%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.1%2.3%0.0%8.4%6.4%8.8%5.7%5.5%
Return on invested capital4.5%3.5%2.3%4.9%3.7%4.8%3.2%4.1%
Return on assets1.0%0.5%0.0%2.8%2.4%3.1%1.9%2.2%
Free cash flow yield11.1%13.9%9.0%-37.5%11.9%12.8%12.8%7.9%
Earnings yield3.2%2.3%0.0%5.6%3.3%4.1%2.7%3.1%
Enterprise value€3.3B€3B€3.2B€1.5B€1.6B€1.8B€1.8B€1.3B
Net debt / EBITDA3.29×3.53×5.15×1.14×0.95×1.21×1.56×0.95×
Cash conversion cycle (days)-9-6-4-11-84-102-89-70