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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-88.1%
€0.41
vs €3.43 price
Levered DCF
-€0.40
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
2.59
Grey zone
Rating
B
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E17.13×11.85×15.27×21.36×13×15.47×31.19×32.35×
P/B2.94×2.01×2.07×2.36×2.5×2.83×2.2×1.95×
P/S1.32×0.96×0.99×0.9×1.15×1.53×1.4×1.47×
EV / EBITDA11.48×8.54×9.27×12.31×8.87×9.2×13.05×15.24×
Gross margin36.8%37.3%34.1%24.4%32.5%32.0%28.7%27.7%
Operating margin31.7%31.5%10.7%5.7%11.7%15.0%6.7%5.9%
Net margin7.8%8.0%6.6%4.2%9.0%9.6%4.5%4.6%
Current ratio1.19×1.21×1.2×1.16×1.16×1.31×1.28×1.3×
Debt / equity0.64×0.86×0.81×1.12×0.66×0.57×0.42×0.52×
Interest coverage27.31×15.11×5.29×6.28×14.32×14.34×4.36×2.93×
Dividend yield1.8%3.3%0.9%2.3%3.0%2.0%1.2%0.7%
Payout ratio30.6%39.6%13.2%48.0%38.3%32.1%36.3%22.7%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity17.3%16.7%13.7%11.1%19.5%17.7%7.0%6.0%
Return on invested capital34.2%27.8%8.9%4.9%10.9%11.0%4.5%4.3%
Return on assets7.4%6.5%5.4%3.6%7.7%7.6%3.5%2.8%
Free cash flow yield5.5%-2.7%-0.1%-3.9%-0.3%-1.9%4.2%2.4%
Earnings yield5.9%8.3%6.6%4.7%7.8%6.3%3.2%3.1%
Enterprise value€124.1M€86M€80.1M€81.9M€73.6M€70.7M€48.6M€42.4M
Net debt / EBITDA1.7×2.21×2.12×2.75×1.24×1.07×1.48×2.38×
Cash conversion cycle (days)26332731352339