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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-10.9%
€18.26
vs €20.50 price
Levered DCF
-€6.38
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
0.62
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.79×7.56×9.27×4.78×7.49×11.88×9.89×8.88×
P/B0.74×0.65×0.61×0.53×0.59×0.55×0.69×0.59×
P/S5.12×4.38×4.36×3.96×4.31×3.87×4.6×4.96×
EV / EBITDA14.19×16.35×16.29×15.59×16.73×16.13×18.88×17.34×
Gross margin73.6%74.1%75.8%77.4%76.1%78.0%77.4%92.7%
Operating margin64.3%76.5%64.9%92.1%71.9%50.1%62.5%74.3%
Net margin58.3%58.0%47.1%82.9%57.5%32.7%46.4%55.9%
Current ratio1.13×0.47×0.56×1.21×1.18×0.93×0.71×0.64×
Debt / equity0.86×0.89×0.95×1×1.05×1.19×1.19×1.04×
Interest coverage3.4×3.97×3.29×4.92×4.02×2.85×3.4×3.37×
Dividend yield5.9%6.7%7.4%6.9%5.2%1.8%6.6%2.3%
Payout ratio52.0%50.5%68.9%33.1%39.0%21.3%65.8%20.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity8.4%8.6%6.6%11.1%7.9%4.7%7.0%6.7%
Return on invested capital4.7%5.8%4.6%6.0%4.7%3.1%4.0%4.2%
Return on assets4.3%4.3%3.2%5.2%3.6%2.0%2.9%3.0%
Free cash flow yield3.9%5.5%8.1%-12.8%8.5%12.4%-3.6%2.7%
Earnings yield11.4%13.2%10.8%21.0%13.3%8.4%10.1%11.3%
Enterprise value€777.8M€717.2M€656.2M€603.6M€605.5M€597.8M€656.3M€562.6M
Net debt / EBITDA7.47×9.29×9.62×9.7×10.21×10.45×11.56×10.72×
Cash conversion cycle (days)1634764-470-217-38