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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
-72.0%
€15.39
vs €54.90 price
Levered DCF
-€1.90
After debt service
Piotroski score
3 / 9
Weak
Altman Z-score
0.9
Distress zone
Rating
A-
Overall 4 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.41×12.39×18.4×9.31×6.74×17.49×19.59×17.28×
P/B0.53×0.4×0.43×0.46×0.55×0.54×0.61×0.56×
P/S11.99×4.28×6.34×5.38×8.79×26.76×20.2×22.4×
EV / EBITDA12.27×12.51×19.56×9.51×6.88×21.51×23.07×20.33×
Gross margin89.8%91.8%88.1%95.5%94.2%76.6%85.9%98.5%
Operating margin179.1%50.5%58.3%66.6%173.0%221.7%107.7%152.9%
Net margin122.3%34.4%34.3%57.7%130.4%153.0%103.1%129.7%
Current ratio22.81×30.95×3.94×3.88×2.12×2.76×1.78×0.85×
Debt / equity0.26×0.31×0.3×0.21×0.23×0.39×0.32×0.26×
Interest coverage17.69×14.32×8.36×9.7×21.07×6.99×6.79×9.28×
Dividend yield3.7%4.4%2.8%3.0%1.9%2.3%2.1%2.5%
Payout ratio36.1%55.2%51.8%27.7%12.8%39.7%40.5%43.1%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity5.4%3.2%2.3%4.9%8.2%3.1%3.1%3.2%
Return on invested capital5.3%3.0%2.6%3.5%6.3%2.9%2.2%2.6%
Return on assets3.8%2.2%1.5%3.2%5.4%2.0%2.3%2.5%
Free cash flow yield-1.0%18.8%9.8%9.7%2.0%-2.2%2.7%3.9%
Earnings yield10.2%8.0%5.4%10.7%14.8%5.7%5.1%5.8%
Enterprise value€3.1B€3.1B€4.2B€3.2B€4.3B€4B€3.9B€2.9B
Net debt / EBITDA3.59×5.15×7.76×2.85×1.94×8.77×7.75×6.46×
Cash conversion cycle (days)126-37-44-97-9555661,172