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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+112.7%
€132.71
vs €62.40 price
Levered DCF
€65.42
After debt service
Piotroski score
5 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1
Distress zone
Rating
A+
Overall 5 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E8.03×8.27×7.59×5.01×7.22×12.02×10.09×16.94×
P/B0.77×0.73×0.8×0.83×1.03×0.91×0.73×1.3×
P/S6.11×5.58×6.06×6.52×7.46×6.53×4.88×8.73×
EV / EBITDA12.24×13.37×12.53×8.93×11.76×19.2×17.55×22.86×
Gross margin76.9%76.7%76.3%77.3%80.1%80.8%80.6%85.7%
Operating margin74.4%64.7%61.5%99.5%101.8%79.0%54.8%63.3%
Net margin76.1%67.1%79.8%130.1%103.2%54.3%48.4%51.5%
Current ratio0.09×0.43×0.48×0.3×0.16×0.21×0.74×0.23×
Debt / equity0.67×0.73×0.78×0.77×0.94×1.11×1.17×1.11×
Interest coverage5.78×5.08×4.37×7.22×7.01×4.34×3.41×3.61×
Dividend yield5.8%8.1%7.4%6.7%6.0%7.2%4.3%4.4%
Payout ratio46.3%67.4%56.1%33.7%43.2%86.9%43.9%75.2%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity9.6%8.7%10.5%16.5%14.3%7.6%7.3%7.7%
Return on invested capital5.3%4.7%4.5%7.4%7.2%5.0%3.6%4.3%
Return on assets5.6%4.9%5.8%9.1%7.3%3.5%3.3%3.5%
Free cash flow yield9.6%10.6%7.7%10.0%8.2%8.3%8.2%4.9%
Earnings yield12.5%12.0%13.2%19.9%13.8%8.3%9.9%5.9%
Enterprise value€1.8B€1.8B€1.8B€1.7B€1.8B€1.6B€1.4B€1.7B
Net debt / EBITDA5.69×6.69×6.17×4.29×5.6×10.5×10.31×10.51×
Cash conversion cycle (days)33322727612158