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Valuation

Model-based estimates, not advice. The DCF is the discounted-cash-flow value per share; compare it with the price, not as a target.

DCF fair value
+411.5%
€557.53
vs €109.00 price
Levered DCF
€341.24
After debt service
Piotroski score
6 / 9
Average
Altman Z-score
1.59
Distress zone
Rating
B+
Overall 3 / 5
Ratios by fiscal year

Margins and yields are shares of revenue, equity or price; multiples are ×.

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
P/E17.44×18.77×9.06×6.8×7.59×10.99×14.29×10.99×
P/B0.81×0.81×1.09×1.06×1.24×1.06×1.15×0.96×
P/S0.25×0.26×0.37×0.34×0.4×0.34×0.39×0.32×
EV / EBITDA7.89×7.73×5.57×4.62×5.16×5.93×7.6×7.03×
Gross margin7.2%8.1%10.9%11.9%12.1%10.7%30.0%29.5%
Operating margin2.0%3.0%5.8%6.5%7.0%4.6%4.1%3.8%
Net margin1.3%1.4%4.0%5.0%5.3%3.1%2.7%2.9%
Current ratio1.54×1.6×1.77×1.73×1.64×1.61×1.55×1.65×
Debt / equity1×1.07×0.64×0.61×0.62×0.74×0.66×0.44×
Interest coverage2.38×3.74×12.93×19.81×20.84×13.14×11.24×14.32×
Dividend yield5.7%7.0%8.0%8.6%3.9%10.6%1.5%1.9%
Payout ratio108.0%132.1%72.4%58.3%29.5%116.5%21.2%21.0%
Key metrics by fiscal year
MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020FY2019FY2018
Return on equity4.2%4.3%12.1%15.5%16.4%9.6%8.1%8.7%
Return on invested capital2.3%2.9%7.7%9.1%9.7%5.3%4.9%5.7%
Return on assets1.5%1.6%5.2%6.5%6.8%3.8%3.4%4.0%
Free cash flow yield15.2%13.8%13.3%11.7%8.8%20.6%10.0%3.0%
Earnings yield5.2%5.3%11.0%14.7%13.2%9.1%7.0%9.1%
Enterprise value€980.8M€1B€905M€830.7M€915M€743.6M€845.8M€598.4M
Net debt / EBITDA3.96×4.01×1.31×1.03×1.16×1.78×2.36×1.72×
Cash conversion cycle (days)9194636664609777